Fig. 7

The schematic illustration of an experimental flow chart and mechanisms by which Asn plus IPA administration prolongs posttraumatic survival time of TCI rats. The whole experimental flow is displayed on the upper section (blue). The research progress is displayed by the numbers and arrow directions. The mechanisms of Asn plus IPA administration are illustrated on the lower section (green). Oral administration of Asn and IPA synergistically activates Akt signaling in intestinal epithelium. The dysregulation of intestinal homeostasis induced by TCI is alleviated, evidenced by inflammatory response alleviation, restoration of barrier integrity and microbiota rebalance. The posttraumatic survival time of TCI rats is subsequently extended. TCI traumatic colon injury, Asn asparagine, IPA 3-indolepropionic acid, PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinase, PDK1 3-phosphoinositide dependent kinase 1